State of Charge (SOC) is a crucial metric in battery management, indicating the current level of charge relative to the battery's total capacity. It's expressed as a percentage, with 100% representing a fully charged battery. SOC is vital for monitoring battery health, optimizing performance, and ensuring safety in applications like electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. For instance, in electric vehicles, maintaining an optimal SOC range extends battery life and ensures efficient energy use. Accurate SOC measurement and management are essential for the reliability and longevity of battery systems.